Michael W Dunne, Steven I Aronin, Anita F Das, Jayanti Gupta, Karthik Akinapelli, Michael T Zelasky, Sailaja Puttagunta, Helen W Boucher

Erica R Fuhrmeister, Abigail P Harvey, Maya L Nadimpalli, Karin Gallandat, Argaw Ambelu, Benjamin F Arnold, Joe Brown, Oliver Cumming, Ashlee M Earl, Gagandeep Kang, Samuel Kariuki, Karen Levy, Chris E Pinto Jimenez, Jenna M Swarthout, Gabriel Trueba, Pablo Tsukayama, Colin J Worby, Amy J Pickering

Bart R Szewczyk, Rebecca Tenner, Emily Grussing, Maureen Campion, Gabriela Andujar Vazquez, Tara Bylsma, Shira Doron, Alysse G Wurcel

Nhi Van, Yonatan N. Degefu, Pathricia A. Leus, Jonah Larkins-Ford, Jacob Klickstein, Florian P. Maurer, David Stone, Husain Poonawala, Cheleste M. Thorpe, Trever C. Smith II, Bree B. Aldridge

Benjamin E. Wolfe
Despite their many cultural, culinary, and health benefits, fermented foods may amplify and disseminate antimicrobial resistance in our food supply. This review summarizes our current understanding of the diversity, distribution, and potential risks of antimicrobial resistance in fermented foods and beverages. Most studies have focused on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in lactic acid bacteria and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species. Resistance to tetracyclines, penicillins, chloramphenicol, and macrolides is frequently reported. Several studies have demonstrated that ARGs have the potential to be transferred from fermentation microbes to pathogens. Most research has used culture-based or metagenomic surveys or ARGs at the point of production, and few studies have traced the fate of ARGs when ferments are consumed. Cases of humans being directly harmed by resistant microbes in ferments have not been reported, but these foods provide a farm-to-gut pipeline for current and future antimicrobial resistance in our food supply.

Javiera Vera-Mansilla, Cecilia A Silva-Valenzuela, Patricio Sánchez, Roberto C Molina-Quiroz

Ruby Ye, Christopher Tomo, Neal Chan, Benjamin E Wolfe

Tori Kinamon, Ramya Gopinath, Ursula Waack, Mark Needles, Daniel Rubin, Deborah Collyar, Sarah B Doernberg, Scott Evans, Toshimitsu Hamasaki, Thomas L Holland, Jessica Howard-Anderson, Henry Chambers, Vance G Fowler, Jr, Sumati Nambiar, Peter Kim, Helen W Boucher

Alysse G. Wurcel, Daniel C. DeSimone, Laura Marks, Larry M. Baddour, Parham Sendi

Chris E Pinto Jimenez, Sarai M Keestra, Pranav Tandon, Amy J Pickering, Arshnee Moodley, Oliver Cumming , Clare I R Chandler

Kendall Leet-Otley, Claire L Fellman, Annie S Wayne, Kirthana Beaulac, Ian M DeStefano, Kelly Chambers, Kady B Marino, Shira Doron